PROGRAM OBJECTIVES:
To support research in the areas of chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, anesthesiology, and trauma and burn injury, including research on pharmacogenetics and complex systems. The research ranges from fundamental studies in chemistry to the elucidation of biochemical and cellular mechanisms that may serve as new targets for drug design. Grantees are investigating chemical and biotechnological methods for synthesizing new drugs, the biochemical pathways involved in cellular functioning, the genetic and metabolic factors affecting drug action in humans, the body's response to trauma and burn injury, and the molecular mechanisms of action of local and general anesthetics. The results of these studies improve our understanding of how the body works and pave the way for the discovery and development of new drugs. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grants are made to increase private sector commercialization of innovations derived from Federal research and development; to increase small business participation in Federal research and development; and to foster and encourage the participation of socially and economically disadvantaged small business concerns and women-owned small business concerns in technological innovation. Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grants are made to stimulate and foster scientific and technological innovation through cooperative research and development carried out between small business concerns and research institutions; to foster technology transfer between small business concerns and research institutions; to increase private sector commercialization of innovations derived from Federal research and development; and to foster and encourage the participation of socially and economically disadvantaged small business concerns and women-owned small business concerns in technological innovation.

 ELIGIBLE FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES:
1. HEALTH;
- Prevention and Control;
- Specialized Health Research and Training;

 WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM THIS PROGRAM:
- Public nonprofit institution/organization;
- Individual/Family;
- Profit organization;
- Private non-profit institution/organization;
- Student/Trainee;
- Scientist/Researcher;
- U.S. Citizen;

 WHO CAN APPLY:
- State (includes District of Columbia, public institutions of higher education and hospitals);
- Local (includes State-designated Indian Tribes, excludes institutions of higher education and hospitals);
- Public non-profit institution/organization (includes institutions of higher education and hospitals);
- Individual/Family;
- Private non-profit institution/organization (includes institutions of higher education and hospitals);
- Quasi-public non-profit institution/organization;